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فهرست محتوای دیجیتالی
فهرست مطالب
فهرست نقدها
179 مرتبه مشاهده شده
Comprehensive clinical nephrology
- ISBN: 9780323479097
- ISBN: 032347909X
- ISBN: 9780323547192 (e-ISPN)
- Call Number : WJ 300 C737 2019
- Title: Comprehensive clinical nephrology / [edited by] John Feehally, Jürgen Floege, Marcello Tonelli, Richard J. Johnson.
- Edition: Sixth edition.
- Publication, Distribution: Edinburgh : Elsevier, 2019.
- Physical Description: xvii, 1333 p.: illustrations
- Notes: Includes bibliographical references and index
- Subject: Kidney Diseases.
- Subject: Nephrology -- methods.
- Added Entry: Feehally, John editor.
- Added Entry: Floege, Jürgen editor.
- Added Entry: Tonelli, Marcello editor.
- Added Entry: Johnson, Richard J (Richard Joseph), 1953- editor.
فهرست محتوای دیجیتالی
محتواي کتاب
فهرست مطالب
- Front Cover
- Inside Front Cover
- Comprehensive Clinical Nephrology
- Copyright Page
- Table Of Contents
- Preface
- List of Contributors
- Dedication
- I Essential Renal Anatomy and Physiology
- 1 Renal Anatomy
- 2 Renal Physiology
- Glomerular Structure and Ultrastructure
- Glomerular Filtration Rate
- Measurement of Renal Plasma Flow
- Autoregulation of Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration Rate
- Tubular Transport
- Transport in Specific Nephron Segments
- Glomerulotubular Balance
- Countercurrent System
- Vasopressin (Antidiuretic Hormone) and Water Reabsorption
- Integrated Control of Renal Function
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- II Investigation of Renal Disease
- 3 Assessment of Glomerular Filtration Rate
- Glomerular Filtration Rate
- Measurement and Estimation of the Glomerular Filtration Rate
- Clearance Measurements
- Estimation of the Glomerular Filtration Rate
- Creatinine
- Cystatin C
- Urea and Other Metabolites
- Other Low-Molecular-Weight Serum Proteins
- Clinical Application of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate
- Living Kidney Donor Candidates
- Drug Dosing
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 4 Urinalysis
- Definition
- The Urine Sample
- Physical Characteristics
- Chemical Characteristics
- Urine Microscopy
- Interpretation of Urine Sediment Findings
- Automated Analysis of Urine Sediment
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 5 Imaging
- Ultrasound
- Plain Radiography and Intravenous Urography
- Retrograde Pyelography
- Antegrade Pyelography
- Imaging Ileal Conduits
- Cystography
- Computed Tomography
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate
- Angiography
- Renal Venography
- Nuclear Scintigraphy
- Positron Emission Tomography
- Molecular Imaging
- Radiologic Contrast Agents
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 6 Renal Biopsy
- 3 Assessment of Glomerular Filtration Rate
- III Fluid and Electrolyte Disorders
- 7 Disorders of Extracellular Volume
- Extracellular Fluid Compartment
- Regulation of Extracellular Fluid Homeostasis
- Extracellular Fluid Volume Contraction
- Extracellular Fluid Volume Expansion
- Pathogenesis
- Clinical Manifestations of Extracellular Fluid Volume Expansion
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach to Extracellular Volume Expansion
- Diuretics
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 8 Disorders of Water Metabolism
- Physiology of Water Balance
- Vasopressin
- Quantitation of Renal Water Excretion
- Serum Sodium Concentration, Osmolality, and Tonicity
- Estimation of Total Body Water
- Hyponatremic Disorders
- Etiology and Classification of Hyponatremia
- Clinical Manifestations of Hyponatremia
- Osmotic Demyelination
- Treatment of Hyponatremia
- Hypernatremic Disorders
- Etiology and Classification of Hypernatremia
- Hypovolemia: Hypernatremia Associated With Low Total Body Sodium
- Hypervolemia: Hypernatremia Associated With Increased Total Body Sodium
- Euvolemia: Hypernatremia Associated With Normal Body Sodium
- Diabetes Insipidus
- Clinical Manifestations of Hypernatremia
- Treatment of Hypernatremia
- Etiology and Classification of Hypernatremia
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 9 Disorders of Potassium Metabolism
- 10 Disorders of Calcium, Phosphate, and Magnesium Metabolism
- Calcium Homeostasis and Disorders of Calcium Metabolism
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Phosphate Homeostasis
- Hyperphosphatemia
- Hypophosphatemia
- Magnesium Homeostasis and Disorders of Magnesium Metabolism
- Hypomagnesemia and Magnesium Deficiency
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 11 Normal Acid-Base Balance
- 12 Metabolic Acidosis
- 13 Metabolic Alkalosis
- Definition
- Bicarbonate Transport Along the Nephron
- Factors Affecting Bicarbonate Reabsorption and Secretion
- Pathophysiology of Metabolic Alkalosis
- Etiology
- Clinical Manifestations
- Diagnosis
- Treatment
- Special Problems in Management
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 14 Respiratory Acidosis, Respiratory Alkalosis, and Mixed Disorders
- 7 Disorders of Extracellular Volume
- IV Glomerular Disease
- 15 Introduction to Glomerular Disease
- Definition
- Clinical Evaluation of Glomerular Disease
- Asymptomatic Urine Abnormalities
- Macrohematuria
- Nephrotic Syndrome
- Nephritic Syndrome
- Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis
- Etiology
- Progressive Chronic Kidney Disease
- Treatment of Glomerular Disease
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 16 Introduction to Glomerular Disease
- Histologic Classification
- Histopathology
- General Mechanisms of Glomerular Injury
- Pathogenesis of Specific Glomerular Syndromes
- Minimal Change Disease
- Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Membranous Nephropathy
- Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis
- Dense Deposit Disease and C3 Glomerulonephritis
- Mesangial Proliferative Glomerulonephritis
- Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
- Goodpasture Disease
- Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 17 Minimal Change Disease
- 18 Primary and Secondary (Non-Genetic) Causes of Focal and Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Etiology and Pathogenesis
- Minimal Change Disease Versus Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Genetic Variants of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Viral Induction of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Drug-Induced Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Structural Maladaptation Leading to Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Pathogenesis of Progressive Renal Failure in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Epidemiology
- Clinical Manifestations
- Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis
- Pathology
- Classic Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS Not Otherwise Specified)
- Perihilar Variant of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Cellular Variant of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Collapsing Variant of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Tip Variant of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Other Variants of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Distinguishing Pathologic Features of Secondary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Natural History and Prognosis
- Treatment
- Transplantation
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- Etiology and Pathogenesis
- 19 Inherited Causes of Nephrotic Syndrome
- Clinical Features of Nephrotic Syndrome
- Monogenic Causes of Nephrotic Syndrome Elucidate Its Pathogenesis
- Genotype Phenotype Correlations
- Syndromic Proteinuric Renal Disease
- Genetic Testing by Whole Exome Sequencing
- Specific Therapies for Hereditary Nephrotic Syndrome
- Future Directions
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 20 Membranous Nephropathy
- 21 Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis and Cryoglobulinemic Glomerulonephritis
- Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis
- Definition
- Epidemiology
- Former Classification
- Newer Classification Based on Etiology and Pathogenesis
- Clinical Presentation and Pathology
- Evaluation
- Treatment
- Transplantation
- Cryoglobulinemic Glomerulonephritis
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis
- 22 Glomerulonephritis Associated With Complement Disorders
- 23 Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy and IgA Vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein Purpura)
- IgA Nephropathy
- Definition
- Etiology and Pathogenesis
- Epidemiology
- Clinical Manifestations
- Pathology
- Differential Diagnosis
- Natural History
- Transplantation
- Treatment
- IgA Vasculitis
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- IgA Nephropathy
- 24 Anti–Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease and Goodpasture Disease
- 25 Renal and Systemic Vasculitis
- 26 Lupus Nephritis
- Definition
- Epidemiology
- Etiology and Pathogenesis
- Pathogenesis of Lupus Nephritis
- Clinical Manifestations
- Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis
- Renal Biopsy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- Pathology
- Treatment
- Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome, Atherosclerosis, and Pregnancy in Lupus Nephritis
- End-Stage Renal Disease and Renal Transplantation
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 27 Renal Amyloidosis and Glomerular Diseases With Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition
- Renal Amyloidosis
- Dialysis and Transplantation
- Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease
- Nonamyloid Fibrillary and Immunotactoid Glomerulopathies
- Glomerular Lesions Associated With Waldenström Macroglobulinemia and Other Monoclonal Immunoglobulin M-Secreting B Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorders
- Other Types of Glomerulonephritis
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 28 Rare Glomerular Disorders
- Mesangial Proliferative Glomerulonephritis Without IgA Deposits
- Glomerulonephritis With Rheumatic Disease
- Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome
- Other Uncommon Glomerular Disorders
- Lipoprotein Glomerulopathy
- Lecithin–Cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency
- Collagen III Glomerulopathy
- Fibronectin Glomerulopathy
- Nephropathic Cystinosis
- Miscellaneous Storage Diseases Rarely Associated With Glomerular Lesions
- Idiopathic (Nondiabetic) Nodular Glomerulosclerosis
- Macrophage Activation Syndrome
- DRESS Syndrome
- Kimura Disease
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 29 Thrombotic Microangiopathies, Including Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
- Definitions
- Laboratory Signs
- Pathology
- Mechanisms, Clinical Features, and Management of Specific Forms of Thrombotic Microangiopathy
- Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli–Associated Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
- Hemolytic Uremia Syndrome Associated With Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
- Thrombotic Microangiopathy Associated With Cobalamin C Deficiency
- Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
- Other Forms of Thrombotic Microangiopathies Associated With Systemic Diseases or Drugs
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 15 Introduction to Glomerular Disease
- V Diabetic Kidney Disease
- 30 Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, and Natural History of Diabetic Kidney Disease
- Definitions
- Pathogenesis of Diabetic Kidney Disease
- Genetic and Environmental Factors
- Hemodynamic Changes
- Renal Hypertrophy and Mesangial Matrix Expansion
- Inflammation and Diabetic Kidney Disease
- Mechanisms Underlying Proteinuria
- Tubular Changes
- Hyperglycemia and Diabetic Kidney Disease
- Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System and Diabetic Kidney Disease
- Uric Acid and Fructose
- Epidemiology
- Clinical Manifestations and Natural History
- Renal Pathology
- Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 31 Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Disease
- Glycemic Control
- Glycemic Targets
- Antihyperglycemic Therapeutic Options in Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease
- Blood Pressure Control
- Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade in the Prevention of Diabetic Kidney Disease
- Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade in the Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Disease
- Aldosterone Blockade in Diabetic Kidney Disease
- Other Antihypertensive and Antiproteinuric Agents
- Treatment of Dyslipidemia
- Nonpharmacologic Interventions
- Emerging Treatments for Diabetic Kidney Disease
- Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists
- Endothelin Receptor Antagonists
- References
- Glycemic Control
- 32 Management of the Diabetic Patient With Chronic Kidney Disease
- Diagnostic Considerations
- General Management Considerations
- Monitoring Diabetic Renal Disease (Stage CKD3b-5)
- Management of Diabetes in Subjects With Stage 3B-5 CKD
- Management of Hypertension in the Diabetic Subject With Chronic Kidney Disease
- Cardiovascular Complications
- Microvascular Complications of Diabetes
- Complications From Chronic Kidney Disease
- End-Stage Renal Disease
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 30 Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, and Natural History of Diabetic Kidney Disease
- VI Hypertension
- 33 Normal Blood Pressure Control and the Evaluation of Hypertension
- Normal Blood Pressure Control
- Definition and Classification of Hypertension
- Evaluation of Hypertension
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 34 Primary Hypertension
- 35 Nonpharmacologic Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension
- 36 Pharmacologic Treatment of Hypertension
- Defining Who Should Receive Pharmacologic Treatment
- Blood Pressure Treatment Goals
- Guide to Selection of Antihypertensive Agents
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 37 Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertensive Emergencies and Urgencies
- 38 Endocrine Causes of Hypertension
- Etiology and Pathogenesis
- Epidemiology
- Clinical Manifestations
- Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis
- Natural History
- Treatment
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 39 Other Endocrine Causes of Hypertension
- 40 Neurogenic Hypertension, Including Hypertension Associated With Stroke or Spinal Cord Injury
- 33 Normal Blood Pressure Control and the Evaluation of Hypertension
- VII Renovascular Disease
- 41 Renovascular Hypertension and Ischemic Nephropathy
- Normal Renovascular Anatomy
- Clinical Syndromes Associated With Renal Vascular Disease
- Renovascular Hypertension
- Ischemic Renal Disease
- Heart Failure and Unstable Cardiac Conditions
- Imaging Renovascular Hypertension and Renal Artery Stenosis
- Treatment of Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis and Fibromuscular Dysplasia
- Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis
- Renal Infarction
- Atheroembolic Renal Disease
- Renal Vein Thrombosis
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 41 Renovascular Hypertension and Ischemic Nephropathy
- VIII Pregnancy and Renal Disease
- 42 Renal Physiology and Complications in Normal Pregnancy
- Renal Physiology in Normal Pregnancy
- Anatomy
- Hemodynamic Changes
- Renal Tubular Changes
- Renal Complications in Normal Pregnancy
- Urinalysis and Microscopy
- Urinary Tract Infection
- Renal Calculi
- Hypertension in Pregnancy
- Preeclampsia
- Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy
- Thrombotic Microangiopathy
- Acute Kidney Injury
- Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 43 Pregnancy With Preexisting Kidney Disease
- The Adverse Effects of Chronic Kidney Disease on Pregnancy
- Management Common to All Pregnancy With Preexisting Kidney Disease
- Renal Biopsy in Pregnancy
- Superimposed Preeclampsia
- Assessment of Fetal Well-Being
- Timing of Delivery
- Course of Chronic Kidney Disease During and After Pregnancy
- Management of Specific Renal Disorders During Pregnancy
- Dialysis in Pregnancy
- Renal Transplantation and Pregnancy
- Pregnancy in the Kidney Donor
- Summary
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 42 Renal Physiology and Complications in Normal Pregnancy
- IX Hereditary and Congenital Diseases of the Kidney
- 44 Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
- 45 Other Cystic Kidney Diseases
- Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease
- Nephronophthisis: Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease
- Medullary Sponge Kidney
- Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
- Von Hippel–Lindau Disease
- Simple Cysts
- Solitary Multilocular Cysts
- Renal Lymphangiomatosis
- Glomerulocystic Kidney Disease
- Acquired Cystic Disease
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 46 Alport Syndrome and Other Familial Glomerular Syndromes
- Alport Syndrome
- Hereditary Angiopathy with Nephropathy, Aneurysms, and Cramps (HANAC Syndrome)
- Thin Basement Membrane Nephropathy
- Fabry Disease (Anderson-Fabry Disease)
- Nail-Patella Syndrome
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 47 Inherited Disorders of Sodium and Water Handling
- Physiology of Sodium and Water Reabsorption
- Disorders of Sodium Handling
- Conditions With Hypokalemia, Metabolic Alkalosis, and Low-Normal Blood Pressure
- Conditions With Hypokalemia, Metabolic Alkalosis, and Hypertension
- Conditions With Hyponatremia, Hyperkalemia, Metabolic Acidosis, and Normal/Low Blood Pressure
- A Condition With Hyperkalemia, Metabolic Acidosis, and Hypertension
- Inherited Disorders of Water Handling
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 48 Fanconi Syndrome and Other Proximal Tubule Disorders
- Fanconi Syndrome
- Inherited Causes of Fanconi Syndrome
- Acquired Causes of Fanconi Syndrome
- Familial Glucose-Galactose Malabsorption and Hereditary Renal Glycosuria
- Aminoacidurias
- Hereditary Defects in Uric Acid Handling
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 49 Sickle Cell Diseases and the Kidney
- Sickle Cell Disease
- Sickle Cell Nephropathy
- Clinical Manifestations of Sickle Cell Nephropathy
- Urinary Tract Infections
- Clinical Syndromes of Renal Impairment
- Investigation and Management of Sickle Cell Nephropathy
- Renal Replacement Therapy
- Sickle Cell Trait and Chronic Kidney Disease
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 50 Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract
- Clinical Principles
- Development of the Kidney and Urinary Tract
- Pathogenesis
- Epidemiology
- Renal Malformations
- Ureteral Abnormalities
- Bladder and Outflow Disorders
- General Management of Congenital Renal Tract Abnormalities
- Complications
- End-Stage Renal Disease and Transplantation
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- X Infectious Diseases and the Kidney
- 51 Urinary Tract Infections in Adults
- Definition
- Epidemiology
- Pathogenesis
- Etiologic Agents
- Clinical Syndromes
- Imaging of the Urinary Tract
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 52 Tuberculosis of the Urinary Tract
- 53 Fungal Infections of the Urinary Tract
- 54 The Kidney in Schistosomiasis
- 55 Glomerular Diseases Associated With Infection
- Bacterial Infections
- Viral Infections
- Parasitic Infections
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 56 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and the Kidney
- Epidemiology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Chronic Kidney Disease
- Glomerular Disorders
- Other Glomerular Disorders
- Systemic Inflammation and Arterionephrosclerosis
- Tubular Disorders
- Antiretroviral Therapy Dosing in Chronic Kidney Disease
- End-Stage Renal Disease
- Evaluation for Kidney Disease
- Acknowledgment
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 51 Urinary Tract Infections in Adults
- XI Urologic Disorders
- 57 Nephrolithiasis and Nephrocalcinosis
- 58 Urinary Tract Obstruction
- 59 Urologic Issues for the Nephrologist
- XII Tubulointerstitial and Vascular Diseases
- 60 Acute Interstitial Nephritis
- Definition
- Pathogenesis
- Epidemiology
- Drug-Induced Acute Interstitial Nephritis
- Acute Interstitial Nephritis Secondary to Infectious Diseases
- Acute Interstitial Nephritis Associated With Systemic Diseases
- Acute Interstitial Nephritis Associated With Malignant Neoplasms
- Idiopathic Acute Interstitial Nephritis
- Acute Interstitial Nephritis in Renal Transplants
- Self-assessment Questions
- References
- 61 Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux and Reflux Nephropathy
- Definition
- Classification
- Epidemiology
- Etiology and Pathogenesis
- Pathology
- Clinical Manifestations
- Natural History of Vesicoureteral Reflux and Reflux Nephropathy
- Treatment
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 62 Chronic Interstitial Nephritis
- Definition
- Pathogenesis
- Epidemiology
- Pathology
- Clinical Manifestations
- Treatment
- Drug-Induced Chronic Interstitial Nephritis
- Chronic Interstitial Nephritis Caused by Metabolic Disorders
- Chronic Interstitial Nephritis Caused by Hereditary Diseases of the Kidney
- Chronic Interstitial Nephritis Associated With Heavy Metal Exposure
- Radiation Nephritis
- Interstitial Nephritis Mediated by Immunologic Mechanisms
- Obstructive Uropathy
- Vascular Diseases
- Infection-Associated Chronic Interstitial Nephritis
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 63 Endemic Nephropathies
- 64 Myeloma and the Kidney
- 60 Acute Interstitial Nephritis
- XIII Renal Disease and Cancer
- 65 Onconephrology
- Cancer and Kidney Disease
- Acute Kidney Injury
- Chronic Kidney Disease
- Mortality in Cancer Patients With Kidney Disease
- Important Malignancies Associated With Kidney Disease
- Anticancer Drugs and Kidney Disease
- Metabolic Complications
- Cancer-Related Glomerulonephritis
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Cancer Therapy in Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 65 Onconephrology
- XIV Acute Kidney Injury
- 66 Pathophysiology and Etiology of Acute Kidney Injury
- Definition
- Etiology Overview
- Pathophysiology and Etiology of Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury
- Pathophysiology and Etiology of Postrenal Acute Kidney Injury
- Pathophysiology of Acute Tubular Necrosis
- Histology
- Site of Tubular Injury in Acute Tubular Necrosis
- Hemodynamic Factors in the Development of Acute Tubular Necrosis
- Endothelial Cell Injury and the Development of Acute Tubular Necrosis
- Tubular Epithelial Cell Injury and the Development of Acute Tubular Necrosis
- Inflammatory Factors in the Development of Acute Tubular Necrosis
- Recovery Phase
- Nephrotoxic Agents and Mechanisms of Toxicity
- Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs
- Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
- Aminoglycosides
- Vancomycin
- Amphotericin B
- Antiviral Therapy
- Hypoglycemic Therapy: SGLT2 Inhibitors
- Immunosuppressive Agents
- Ethylene Glycol
- Anticoagulation-Related Nephropathy
- Acute Phosphate Nephropathy
- Drugs of Abuse
- Occupational Toxins
- Herbal Remedies
- Radiocontrast-Induced Nephropathy
- Other Specific Etiologies of Acute Kidney Injury
- Specific Clinical Situations
- Acute Kidney Injury in the Patient With Sepsis
- Acute Kidney Injury in the Trauma Patient
- Acute Kidney Injury in the Postoperative Patient
- Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
- Pulmonary-Renal Syndrome
- Acute Kidney Injury and Liver Disease
- Acute Kidney Injury in Heart Failure (Cardiorenal Syndrome)
- Acute Kidney Injury in the Cancer Patient
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 67 Acute Kidney Injury in the Tropics
- 68 Diagnosis and Clinical Evaluation of Acute Kidney Injury
- 69 Epidemiology and Prognostic Impact of Acute Kidney Injury
- 70 Prevention and Nondialytic Management of Acute Kidney Injury
- Risk Assessment
- Primary Preventive Measures
- Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury
- Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury Complications
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 71 Dialytic Management of Acute Kidney Injury and Intensive Care Unit Nephrology
- Organizational Aspects of Acute Renal Replacement Therapy Programs
- Overview of Acute Renal Replacement Therapies
- Intermittent Acute Renal Replacement Therapy
- Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy
- Vascular Access
- Anticoagulation in Acute Renal Replacement Therapy
- Modality Choice and Outcomes in Acute Renal Replacement Therapy
- Acute Renal Replacement Therapy During Mechanical Circulatory Support
- Drug Dosage in Acute Renal Replacement Therapy
- References
- Self-assessment Questions
- 72 Dialytic Management of Refractory Heart Failure
- Definition and Scope of the Problem
- Pathogenesis
- Treatment
- Summary
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 73 Hepatorenal Syndrome
- 66 Pathophysiology and Etiology of Acute Kidney Injury
- XV Drug Therapy in Kidney Disease
- 74 Principles of Drug Therapy, Dosing, and Prescribing in Chronic Kidney Disease and Renal Replacement Therapy
- Pharmacokinetic Principles
- Prescribing Principles for Chronic Kidney Disease and Renal Replacement Therapy
- Initial Assessment and Laboratory Data
- Estimating Renal Function for Drug Dosage
- Activity and Toxicity of Metabolites
- Fraction of Active Drug (and Active or Toxic Metabolite) Excreted Unchanged in Urine
- Therapeutic Index of the Drug or Metabolites
- Avoiding Nephrotoxic Drugs
- Drugs That Aggravate the Metabolic Effects of Renal Impairment
- Effect of Renal Impairment on Pharmacodynamic or Physiologic Mechanisms
- Effect of Renal Impairment on the Concentration of Drug at the Site of Action
- Location of Drug Action
- Method of Administration
- Drug Interactions
- Clinical Condition of the Patient
- Methods of Dose Reduction
- Extracorporeal Drug Losses
- References
- Self-Assessment Questions
- 75 Common Issues in Prescribing in Kidney Disease and Renal Replacement Therapy
- Analgesics
- Antimicrobial Agents
- Antivirals
- Immunosuppressants
- Anticoagulants, Antiplatelet Agents, Thrombolytics, and Hemostatics
- Diuretics
- Antihypertensives
- Antianginal Agents
- Antiarrhythmics
- Lipid-Lowering Agents
- Diabetes
- Drugs for Thyroid Disorders
- Mineral and Bone Disorders
- Dyspepsia, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, and Peptic Ulcers
- Antiemetics
- Aperients and Laxatives
- Antidiarrheals
- Drugs for Erectile Dysfunction
- Musculoskeletal Drugs
- Antiepileptics
- 74 Principles of Drug Therapy, Dosing, and Prescribing in Chronic Kidney Disease and Renal Replacement Therapy